[转载]Blocked China Web users rage against Great Firewall

An internet user browses for information on the Chinese version of search engine Google in Beijing in this January 25, 2006 file photo. China employs a complex system of filters and an army of tens of thousands of human monitors to survey the country's 140 million Internet users' surfing habits and surgically clip sensitive content from in front of their eyes. (REUTERS/Stringer/Files)


June 20, 2007

BEIJING (Reuters) - Yang Zhou is no cyberdissident, but recent curbs on his Web surfing habits by China's censors have him fomenting discontent about China's "Great Firewall."

Yang's fury erupted a few days ago when he found he could not browse his friend's holiday snaps on Flickr.com, due to access restrictions by censors after images of the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre were posted on the photo-sharing Web site."
"Once you've complained all you can to your friends, what more can you do? What else is there but anger and disillusionment?" Yang said after venting his anger with friends at a hot-pot restaurant in Beijing.

The blocking of Flickr is the latest casualty of China's ongoing battle to control its sprawling Internet. Wikipedia, and a raft of other popular Web sites, discussion boards and blogs have already fallen victim to the country's censors.

China employs a complex system of filters and an army of tens of thousands of human monitors to survey the country's 140 million Internet users' surfing habits and surgically clip sensitive content from in front of their eyes.

Its stability-obsessed government says the surveillance machinery, commonly known as the "Great Firewall," is necessary to let Internet users enjoy a "healthy" online environment and build a "harmonious" society.

Yang just thinks it's a pain.

"I just want to look at some photos! What's wrong with that?" said the 24-year-old accountant, typical of millions of young urban-dwelling professionals who are increasingly aware of and fed up with state intrusions into their private life.

Privacy, once regarded with suspicion in pre-reform China, has become a sought-after commodity among China's burgeoning middle class, according to Nicholas Bequelin from Hong Kong-based Human Rights Watch.

"Of course, it's the first thing people seek when they have the economic resources," Bequelin said. "We see this growing in China in the wake of ideas of ownership and property."

PRIVACY BATTLES

Away from cyberspace, the battle for privacy between China's secretive government and its increasingly active citizens has turned violent in recent months.

In Bobai county, in the southern region of Guangxi, hundreds of farmers smashed government offices and burnt cars after local officials imposed punitive fines on residents who had defied family planning laws and had too many children.

The battle for control of China's Internet, however, will remain much more covert than confrontational, according to Liu Bin, an IT consultant with Beijing-based consulting firm BDA.

He believes it will take a long time before the government loosens control over web content, especially because the Internet-savvy middle class is unlikely to take to the streets -- like the farmers of Bobai county -- over lack of web access.

"Many educated people feel they can accept the current status quo because it doesn't have much impact on their daily lives ... They have been living with government propaganda for over 1,000 years," Liu said.

Such an attitude grates on Du Dongjin, a 40 year-old IT worker in Shanghai.

Du has decided to sue his Internet service provider, the Shanghai branch of state-owned behemoth China Telecom, who he said had blocked a Web site that had carried financial software he hoped to market.

"If the court authorities aren't influenced and they can hear the case fairly, I will win," Du said.

ANONYMOUS GRIEVANCES

Most frustrated Web surfers, however, would rather air their grievances in the relatively safe realms of Internet anonymity.

They still have their anonymity because a state push to have China's millions of bloggers register with their real names to ensure they only posted "responsible" Web content was abandoned after an outcry from the Internet industry and due to the impossible task of keeping lists of exploding numbers of users.

"The thirst for information in China is so strong, it is very difficult for the (Communist) Party to stay ahead of the curve," Bequelin explained.

Within days of the blocking of Flickr, links to browser plug-ins and how-to explanations to subvert the filters and see Flickr photos were gleefully posted on blogs and in chat-rooms.

Many posts were preceded by tirades against the censors for "harmonizing" Flickr.

One blogger posted an image of a voodoo doll, calling it the Great Firewall and inviting users to -- digitally -- stick pins in it.

Yang said restrictions on Flickr probably wouldn't motivate him to write a blog, much less push him down the road of "potentially dangerous" activism.

But he liked the idea of the Great Firewall voodoo doll.

"Have you got the link? Maybe I'll go stick a pin in it," he said.

Franklin D. Roosevelt:For a Declaration of War

At 7:53 a.m. on Sunday, December 7, 1941, the first assault wave of Japanese fighter planes attacked the U.S. Naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, taking the Americans completely by surprise.
The first attack wave targeted airfields and battleships. The second wave targeted other ships and shipyard facilities. The air raid lasted until 9:45 a.m. Eight battleships were damaged, with five sunk. Three light cruisers, three destroyers and three smaller vessels were lost along with 188 aircraft. The Japanese lost 27 planes and five midget submarines which attempted to penetrate the inner harbor and launch torpedoes.
Three prime targets; the U.S. Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers, Lexington, Enterprise and Saratoga, were not in the harbor and thus escaped damage.
The casualty list at Pearl Harbor included 2,335 servicemen and 68 civilians killed, and 1,178 wounded. Over a thousand crewmen aboard the USS Arizona battleship were killed after a 1,760 pound aerial bomb penetrated the forward magazine causing catastrophic explosions.
Pearl Harbor Slide Show - 20 photos
News of the "sneak attack" was broadcast to the American public via radio bulletins, with many popular Sunday afternoon entertainment programs being interrupted. The news sent a shockwave across the nation, resulting in a tremendous influx of young volunteers into the U.S. Armed Forces. The attack also united the nation behind President Franklin D. Roosevelt and effectively ended the American isolationist movement.
On Monday, December 8, President Roosevelt appeared before Congress and made this speech asking for a declaration of war against Japan, calling the previous day "...a date which will live in infamy..."
Listen to the entire speech - 7:11
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Mr. Vice President, Mr. Speaker, members of the Senate and the House of Representatives:
Yesterday, December 7, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.

The United States was at peace with that nation, and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its government and its Emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.

Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American island of Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. And, while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.

It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.

The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.

Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island.And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.

Japan has therefore undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.

As Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense, that always will our whole nation remember the character of the onslaught against us.

No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people, in their righteous might, will win through to absolute victory.

I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.

Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.

With confidence in our armed forces, with the unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph. So help us God.

I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7, 1941, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire.

Franklin D. Roosevelt - December 8, 1941

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Three days later, December 11, Japan's allies, Germany and Italy, both declared war on the United States. The U.S. Congress responded immediately by declaring war on them. Thus the European and Southeast Asian wars had become a global conflict with the Axis Powers; Japan, Germany, Italy and others, aligned against the Allied Powers; America, Britain, the Soviet Union and others.

We shall fight them on the beaches

Winston Churchill

"I have, myself, full confidence that if all do their duty, if nothing is neglected, and if the best arrangements are made, as they are being made, we shall prove ourselves once again able to defend our Island home, to ride out the storm of war, and to outlive the menace of tyranny, if necessary for years, if necessary alone.

At any rate, that is what we are going to try to do. That is the resolve of His Majesty's Government-every man of them. That is the will of Parliament and the nation.

The British Empire and the French Republic, linked together in their cause and in their need, will defend to the death their native soil, aiding each other like good comrades to the utmost of their strength.
Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail.

We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old."

The Star Spangled Banner

By Francis Scott Key

Oh, say can you see by the dawn's early light
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?
Whose broad stripes and bright stars thru the perilous fight,
O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming?
And the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.
Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep,
Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,
What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,
As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,
In full glory reflected now shines in the stream:
'Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!


And where is that band who so vauntingly swore
That the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,
A home and a country should leave us no more!
Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution.
No refuge could save the hireling and slave
From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave:
And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!


Oh! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand
Between their loved home and the war's desolation!
Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n rescued land
Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation.
Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
And this be our motto: "In God is our trust."
And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

The New Colossus

A poem by Emma Lazarus is graven on a tablet within the pedestal on which the statue stands
===========================


Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,

With conquering limbs astride from land to land;

Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand

A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame

Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name

Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand

Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command

The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.

"Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she

With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,

I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"

I Have A Dream

In 1950's America, the equality of man envisioned by the Declaration of Independence was far from a reality. People of color — blacks, Hispanics, Orientals — were discriminated against in many ways, both overt and covert. The 1950's were a turbulent time in America, when racial barriers began to come down due to Supreme Court decisions, like Brown v. Board of Education; and due to an increase in the activism of blacks, fighting for equal rights.

Martin Luther King, Jr., a Baptist minister, was a driving force in the push for racial equality in the 1950's and the 1960's. In 1963, King and his staff focused on Birmingham, Alabama. They marched and protested non-violently, raising the ire of local officials who sicced water cannon and police dogs on the marchers, whose ranks included teenagers and children. The bad publicity and break-down of business forced the white leaders of Birmingham to concede to some anti-segregation demands.

Thrust into the national spotlight in Birmingham, where he was arrested and jailed, King organized a massive march on Washington, DC, on August 28, 1963. On the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, he evoked the name of Lincoln in his "I Have a Dream" speech, which is credited with mobilizing supporters of desegregation and prompted the 1964 Civil Rights Act. The next year, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
The following is the exact text of the spoken speech, transcribed from recordings.
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I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to cash this check — a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.

We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.

As we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied, as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering.

Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.
Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.

I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification; one day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

This will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with a new meaning, "My country, 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim's pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring."

And if America is to be a great nation this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!

Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!

But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.

And when this happens, When we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last!"

The Declaration of Independence

IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1776
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America

When in the Course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. — That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security. — Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.

He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.

He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.

He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.

He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected, whereby the Legislative Powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.

He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.

He has obstructed the Administration of Justice by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.

He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.

He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our people and eat out their substance.

He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.

He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil Power.

He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:

For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:

For protecting them, by a mock Trial from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:

For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:

For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:

For depriving us in many cases, of the benefit of Trial by Jury:

For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences:

For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies

For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:

For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.

He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.

He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & Perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.

He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.

He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.

In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.

Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our British brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred. to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.

We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these united Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States, that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. — And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.

— John Hancock

New Hampshire:
Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, Matthew Thornton

Massachusetts:
John Hancock, Samuel Adams, John Adams, Robert Treat Paine, Elbridge Gerry

Rhode Island:
Stephen Hopkins, William Ellery

Connecticut:Roger Sherman, Samuel Huntington, William Williams, Oliver Wolcott

New York:
William Floyd, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Lewis Morris

New Jersey:Richard Stockton, John Witherspoon, Francis Hopkinson, John Hart, Abraham Clark

Pennsylvania:
Robert Morris, Benjamin Rush, Benjamin Franklin, John Morton, George Clymer, James Smith, George Taylor, James Wilson, George Ross

Delaware:
Caesar Rodney, George Read, Thomas McKean

Maryland:
Samuel Chase, William Paca, Thomas Stone, Charles Carroll of Carrollton

Virginia:
George Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Harrison, Thomas Nelson, Jr., Francis Lightfoot Lee, Carter Braxton

North Carolina:
William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, John Penn

South Carolina:
Edward Rutledge, Thomas Heyward, Jr., Thomas Lynch, Jr., Arthur Middleton

Georgia:
Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton

《国际歌》英语歌词

The Internationale: Original English Version
Original words by Eugene Pottier.
Original music by Pierre Degeyter.

Arise ye starvelings [or workers] from your slumbers
Arise ye criminals of want
For reason in revolt now thunders
and at last ends the age of cant.
Now away with all your superstitions
Servile masses arise, arise!
We'll change forthwith [or henceforth] the old conditions
And spurn the dust to win the prize.

CHORUS

Then come comrades rally
And the last fight let us face
The Internationale
Unites the human race. (repeat).

We peasants, artisans and others,
Enrolled amongst the sons of toil
Let's claim the earth henceforth for brothers
Drive the indolent from the soil.
On our flesh for too long has fed the raven
We've too long been the vultures prey.
But now farewell to spirit craven
The dawn brings in a brighter day.

CHORUS

No saviour from on high delivers
No trust we have in prince or peer
Our own right hand the chains must shiver
Chains of hatred, greed and fear.
Ere the thieves will out with their booty
And to all give a happier lot.
Each at his forge must do his duty
And strike the iron while its hot.

CHORUS
__________________________________



A more modern Version : The Internationale
Words: Billy Bragg
Music: Pierre Degeyter

Stand up, all victims of oppression
For the tyrants fear your might
Don't cling so hard to your possessions
For you have nothing, if you have no rights
Let racist ignorance be ended
For respect makes the empires fall
Freedom is merely privilege extended
Unless enjoyed by one and all

Chorus:
So come brothers and sisters
For the struggle carries on
The Internationale
Unites the world in song
So comrades come rally
For this is the time and place
The international ideal
Unites the human race

Let no one build walls to divide us
Walls of hatred nor walls of stone
Come greet the dawn and stand beside us
We'll live together or we'll die alone
In our world poisoned by exploitation
Those who have taken, now they must give
And end the vanity of nations
We've but one Earth on which to live

And so begins the final drama
In the streets and in the fields
We stand unbowed before their armour
We defy their guns and shields
When we fight, provoked by their aggression
Let us be inspired by like and love
For though they offer us concessions
Change will not come from above

[转载]在外企必会的英文单词

1、background

　　俺到外企上班了，那可是外企！像什么IBM什么的，用字母当公司名的那可都是大外企，不是什么民企能够比拟的！记得到UT找工作的时候，人力资源部(俺这叫HR)的领导看着我的简历说，你的background不错，俺心里就一阵兴奋，心想这可真到外企了呀！

2、conferencecall

　　这可是俺们的主要工作方式，有道是大call三六九，小call天天有，有事咱就call一下，call完该干吗咱还干吗呀！

3、aggressive

这是俺们领导表扬和批评人用的：“小×，你最近可是很不aggressive啊！”于是，俺是每天很aggressive地上班，很aggressive地下班。

4、addsb.toloop

这就是说要把谁给绕到圈子里去，有的事知道的人少，这就很不好，应该让多些人知道，于是就把他绕到圈子里去。

5、involve

跟上面的意思一样，就是上面的是邮件里面说的，这个是用话说的。需要谁来搀和一下了，就把谁给involve进来。

6、broadcast

　　这是俺们外企发通知用的，比如“嘿，听说了吗？broadcast说了，食堂要涨价了，原来6块，现在6块6了！”

7、team

　　这是俺们生产队，比如开会时别的部门的领导问俺：“你是哪个team的？”俺就回答说：“俺是龟田小队长那个team的呀，都是皇军的队伍。”

8、FYI

　　这个缩写，老难了，俺第二年才明白啥意思，就是不关你事，让你看看的意思。

9、CC

　　这也是缩写，后来才搞明白，就是把邮件塞给你想给看的人。比如，“小×，把这个邮件‘CC’××领导！”“领导，这个邮件已经‘CC’给你了！”　　　　

10、push

　　做工作嘛，困难大了就要推呀，反正这工作来了，俺就得推这个，推那个，一个推一个,往往跟俺家驴推磨似的，推了一圈，还得自己推啊，后来搞明白，咱的推功夫没有人家高啊

加几个：
　　1，asap　　越快越好；
　　2，point　　你到底要讲什么？What's your point?
　　3，keep somebody posted　　就某件关注的市项，让人随时知悉进展；
　　4，brainstorm　　开动脑力，激起头脑风暴；
　　5，compromise　　公司里有人，就有政治，就有妥协；
　　6，chanlenge　　跟老板叫板，chanleng the boss
　　7，review　　总结回顾；
　　8，teamwork　　团队精神；
　　9，SOB　　我经常这样叫我看不惯的家伙；
　　10，NG　　不好，再来一次，有时候脾气不好，变成 NFG;
　　11，FNG　　菜鸟，新员工；
　　12，regards/cheers/chao　　email结尾常用
　　13，favor　　在公司，你会经常请别人“Do me a favor”
　　options　　备选方案；
　　solution　　解决办法；
　　promotion　　1，升官　　2，推广
　　sell　　在办公室，sell的意思不是卖东西，而是推销和让人家结受你的想法；
　　paperwork　　指所有的文挡工作，即使全部都用电脑做无纸化，也叫paperwork；
　　memo　　备忘录，会议记录，这个词在office用的频率很高；
　　teardown　　把一个项目的由来始终弄清楚；
　　hantch　　灵机一动的想法
　　OT　　“小丽，今晚OT晚回。”借口加班去鬼混；
　　axpat　　外籍雇员；
　　hangout　　下班不回家；
　　partner　　工作同伙；
　　A4　　“Pass me a A4 please.”叫你拿张纸给他，不是拿AK47步枪；
　　boardroom　　会议室，一般没人用meeting room
　　book　　订机票，订酒店
　　beverage bar　　大公司喝水休息的地方
　　coffee/tea break　　大公司工作时间内的小休；
　　reserve　　秘书经常干的活，定餐位；
　　jet-lack　　越洋出差用得上这个词，意为时差造成的不适；
　　interm　　实习生
　　probation　　新员工试用期：3 months probation
　　operator/receptionist　　前台/接线员
　　deadline　　完成某项目的最后期限；
　　kick-off　　启动某个项目，原指足球赛开踢；
　　stand tree　　“I stand tree this time.”这次我请客。
　　go dutch　　各付各帐，所谓的AA制说法是中国的发明，老外听不懂；
　　handover　　工作交接；
　　lunch break　　午间休息；

外企公司常用缩写：
　　RGDS: regards
　　TKS: thanks
　　ASAP: as soon as posible
　　BTW: by the way
　　FW: foward
　　COD: code of conduct 公司行为规范准则
　　OL: office lady
　　EG: for example
　　FYI: for you information
　　ETC: esmated time of complete
　　ETS: esmated time of shipping
　　NG: no good
　　NFG: no fxxking good
　　FNG: fxxking new guy 常指把事情搞得一团糟的新员工
　　SOB: son of a bitch 我的口头禅
　　cc: copies send to
　　bcc: copies send to undisclosed-recipients 这一招很阴毒，发文骂人，bcc老板，而受文者看不到你告状
　　stand up meeting :非正式的短会，比如说三两个人站在过道中间讨论一下事情，老外喜欢这样干；
　　sticker:一种名为“post-it”的黄色小纸片，可以贴在电脑屏幕上或电话机上，办公室的小女生喜欢用它来写一些与工作无关的事；
　　Fedex/DHL/UPS　　常用的快递公司；
　　gettogether　　聚一聚，“Let's have a gettogether this weekend.”
　　reminder　　提醒一下，“Just a kind reminder.”表示你可能miss掉了一些事情，人家不方便指责你，所以“善意提醒”；
　　localize　　这几年各大公司流行这个词，是老外挂在中层本地骨干前面的胡萝卜。“localize the management level”
　　cell　　对手机比较地道的说法，“Call my cell if you can't find me in the office.” 说 mobil phone比较土，说hand phone就土掉渣了；
　　page　　传呼，BB机流行的年代常用。“Page me.” 说“Call me.”的很土；
　　manuel　　工作手册，指南
　　expense　　费用，出差要报销的也是expense；
　　budget　　预算，每个项目不论大小，包括出去聚餐，都要事先算budget；
　　pain in the ass　　办公室口头禅，意指老也没办法解决的麻烦事；
　　outing　　忙碌了一段时间，或一个重要项目完成后，老板带大家出去疯一次，当然是公费，一般是星期五方一天假，再加上周末两天；用travel 或 tour 相当不地道，很土；
　　project　　使用频率最高的词之一，很多非外企也爱用它，我朋友的公司开会时也爱说“我们来讨论一下这个破街。”
　　fall guy　　替罪羊，公司里避免不了；
　　face music　　挨骂，被上司训斥；
　　kick somebody's ass　　老板训人；
　　go by book　　按规章办事
　　tough　　两个意思，一指办事手段果断，不留情面；一指棘手的事情；
　　day in and day out　　日复一日；
　　first-aid　　指公司内的医药箱；
　　misunderstanding　　误解，误会，办公室内经常会有；
　　routine　　例行事务
　　screw up　　弄砸事情，常用纯口语，正式一点的说法是“You did it wrong.”公司里面一般说“You screw it up.”screw这个词单独用在口语里，相当于国语里面的“操”和“干”，当然原意是指钻钉螺丝,名词指螺丝刀；
　　creative / creativity　　创造性思维，老外最推崇这一点；
　　petty cash　　出差或办事前，跟财务领取的备用金，这个词组很有用；
　　sign off　　签发，可以指文件，也可以指正式认可某件事的开始执行；
　　stationary　　文具，很有用的一个词；

　　这次介绍一些关于工作方面的东东，
　　asignment　　任务，职责；
　　in charge / follow up / responsible for　　这三个说法的意思都是“负责”，但用法不一样：in charge 表示对一个部门，一项有一定重要性的事务负责，也可以对人，与权力相关，follow up 表示具体跟进某事，与事情的重要性，与人，与权力无关，responsible for 的程度介乎前两种表达之间；
　　credit　　不是信用卡那个信用的意思，指员工在公司内积累的口碑，信任度和价值，“Good job, this will add your credit in the company.”这句话的意思是老板以后会更重视你，因为你这件事干得好。
　　reputation　　名声，口碑，不论好坏；
　　lay off: 解雇；
　　extension: 分机，常简作:ext#
　　approach　　报告，会议中常用此词，尽量达到的意思，中文确切表达此词有难度；
　　presentation　　简报，一般用ppt来做；
　　scenario　　这个词很有意思，原用于电子游戏的“关卡”的意思，公司内常用于指某个大项目的其中一个阶段，或其中一个部份；
　　proposal　　未经确认通过的提议，待讨论的方案；
　　package　　包裹，所谓“一揽子计划”就由此而来，比如你去某公司interview，最后让你提问，比较地道的说法是“What's the package?”问的是你们能给的待遇乱七八糟加起来有些什么？
　　harassment ：骚扰
　　headquarters ：总公司，总部
　　LO ：liaison office，当地国家的分部；
　　recognize ：认可，recgnized supplier， 指认可的供应商；
　　amotize ：分摊，“The expenses are to be amotized by the LOs.”由各分公司分摊费用；
　　on shifts ：轮班；
　　driver ：推动者，“The develpment will drive this case.”这个项目由开发部主导。

[转载]外企常用口语

1. In the middle of something?正在忙吗？

　　我知道有许多许多的人, 对于某一种概念学会了一种说法之后, 从此就只会用这种说法. 例如‘你在忙吗?’这个句子, 很多人在国中起就知道要说, "Are you busy?" 讲到了来美国留学三年, 他还是只会说 "Are you busy?". 其实有时候我们的眼界要放广一点, 对于同一个概念要有不同的变化. 就像是 "Are you busy?" 这句话, 其实老美也很常用 "In the middle of something?" , (但这句话比较接近于 "Are you busy right now?" 是问人家‘现在’是不是正在忙? "Are you busy?" 的含意比较广, 也可指‘最近’忙不忙?) 大家不要小看这么小小的变化, 如果你除了 "Are you busy?" 之外, 有时还懂得刻意去用 "In the middle of something?" 我相信你的的英文说出来就会跟别人不一样. 举个例子吧, 办公室里想找人八卦, 又怕人家正在忙, 这时你就可以问他, "In the middle of something?" (正在忙吗?)
　　记得在不久之前看过的一部黑人电影 Down to Earth 中也有 in themiddle of something 这个用法, 只不过男主角是用这句话来提出一个论点, "The first kiss is always in the middle of something." 也就是说, 初吻总是发生在讲话讲到一半时, 或是当你们正在作其它的事情时, 通常是果不其然的. 他同时也觉得, "The first kiss is the only real kiss in your relationship." (只有初吻才是真正的吻), "The others are just protocols" (其它的都只是一种敷衍、虚应故事而已.)

2. What are you up to?你正在作什么？

　　跟上面的例子一样, ‘你正在作什么啊?’这句话通常我们就只会说,"What are you doing?" 这样子不会很无聊吗? 其实有时我们可以换句话说. 例如室里, 你想找人八卦, 所以问同事, "In the middle of something?" 他回答, "Kind of." (算是吧.) 这时你就可以打破砂锅问到底, "What are you up to?" (那你最近在忙什么啊?) 另外有时候老美见面时也会问 "What are you up to?" 意思就是问你最近在作什么啊? 跟另一句问候语 "What's up?" 意思上很接近. 但是你要听对方的语气喔! 有时候 "What are you up to?" 指的虽然还是 "What are you doing?" 但它却是‘你在搞什么鬼啊?’的意思喔! 例如当你看到别人在乱翻你的东西, 你就可以责问他, "Hey, what are you up to?" 也就是骂他‘你在搞什么鬼啊?’. 或是像电影 Blow 里毒贩的老爸骂他的儿子, "I know what you are up to." (我知道你在干些什么勾当.) 以上这些例子里, "What are you up to?" 完全可以用 "What are you doing?" 来取代, 只不过因为我们在说话时要力求变化, 所以要多学几种不同的讲法.
　　其实 "What are you up to?" 还有许多其它的意思, 在此不一一列举, 不过还有一个比较常用的解释是, ‘进展的如何了?’例如朋友告诉你他正在写一部武侠小说, (就像我的 labmate 一样), 你就可以问他, "What are you up to?"(进展的如何了), 而他的回答可能是, "I am writing Chapter 3 now." 我现在正在写第三章呢.

3. Can you just give me a ballpark figure?能不能给我一个大概的数字？

　　Ballpark 指的是专供球类比赛的公园, 特别是指大型的棒球场. 例如亚特兰大勇士队 (Atlanta Braves) 的主场, Turner Field 就是一个 ballpark. 那什么是 ballpark figure 呢? 通常在棒球比赛时不是都会报今天的观众人数, 例如是 49,132 人吗? 这个数字 49,132 就是 ballpark figure, 但这只是一个大约的估计数字而已, 所以 ballpark figure 的意思就是指大约的估计数字. 所以在公司里如果老板问会计, 上个月水电费总共多少钱? 之后再加上一句, "Just give me a ballpark figure." 意思就是我只要一个大略的数字就行了. 甚至有些老美懒到就只说 ballpark, 所以老板也有可能会说, "I'll need a ballpark of the revenue last year." (我需要去年的营收的大约数字.) 你就要自己知道这个 ballpark 是 ballpark figure 的意思.　　　　　　　　　　其实很多像 ballpark 这种有点俚语的讲法, 你去问美国人, 我保证他们百分之九十九点九都知道 ballpark 的意思. 但是有很多外国人, 不管他们的英语再流利, 不管在美国住多久, 却还是常常会有听不懂的状况. 像小笨霖的指导教授是欧洲人, 但在美国也待超过十年了, 英语的流利自然是不在话下. 可是呢? 有一次我跟她说 "I can only give you a ballpark." 她却问我 ballpark 是什么意思. 我讲这个小故事给各位听的原因, 就是告诉你们拿这种俚语去跟美国人交谈, 通常是没问题的, 但是如果去跟英语同样也很流利的老印, ABC, 或是在美国住了很久的外国人, 则不保证他们能听得懂.

4. Bottom line: We have to turn into profit by 2002.

　　最重要的是: 我们必须在 2002 年前转亏为盈.
　　大家看过财务报表没? 上面是一大堆密密麻麻的数字, 告诉你公司的资产有多少, 折旧多少, 应收帐款多少. 但是这些都不是最重要的, 最重要的在最最下面那一行 (bottom line), 叫净赚 (Net earnings) 告诉你这家公司总共加起来到底是赚钱还是赔钱, (这其实才是最重要的, 不是吗?) 所以 bottom line 这个字后来就变成了有‘最重要的是...’的意思. 例如商场上有句名言, "In business, If you don't take care of your customers, somebody else will. And that is the bottom line." (如果你不关心你的顾客的话, 其它的人会, 这是最重要的原则. ) 另外 bottom line 也有‘最后的底限’,‘不能再退让的原则’的意思. 例如老板可以告诫员工, "Bottom line: We have to ship this order by Friday." (我最后的底限是, 我们必须在星期五前运交这批货. )

5. The new CFO was sent to bring the company out of the red.这位新的财务长被派来把公司从赤字中拯救出来.

　　中国人喜欢红色, 所以股市大涨时盘面上都是红通通的一片. 不过欧美国家对红色的认知则大不相同, 红色就表示亏损, 赤字. 像之前提到的 bottom line 如果是用红笔写的, 那就是表示公司整体上来说是赔钱的. 相反的如果是用黑笔写的, 则表示是赚钱的. 所以我们常可以听到 in the red 或是 in the black 这样的讲法, 其实就是指公司赚不赚钱. 当然啦, 我们也可以用最简单的讲法, lose money 和 make money 或是形容词 unprofitable 和 profitable来表示赔钱或赚钱. 例如这家公司是赚钱的, 你可以说, "This company is in the black.", "The comapny is making money." 或是 "The company is profitable." 都可以.

　　讲到这个 profitable 让我不得不提醒大家 non-profit 这个字, 因为常常有人会搞错. Non-profit 这个字指的并不是说不赚钱的, 而是说‘非营利性质的’, 例如像消费者文教基金会我们就可以说他是一个 non-profit organization, 非营利机构, 这种组织就不是以赚钱为目的. 但 nonprofitable 的话则是指不赚钱的就等于 unprofitable 或是 non-profit-making.

6. Shelly just called in sick.Shelly 刚打电话来请病假.

　　Call in sick 是一个在办公室内常会用到的片语, 指的是有人打电话来说他生病了不能来上班. 有兴趣听老美讲这句话的人不妨去看 "What Women Want?" (男人百分百) 这部电影, 我记得他们就有用 "call in sick" 这个片语. 当然啦, 这种事想也知道一定有相当的比例是偷懒而不想来上班而已, 不然就是员工找借口集体罢工, 例如 "Some workers called in sick to have a strike." (有些工人藉由集体打电话请病假来罢工.)

　　那如果是正常的请病假 (sick leave/ medical leave) 要怎么讲? 你可以说, "I need a sick leave for two days." (我需要请两天病假.) 或是如果是因为老婆要分娩了, 想要请事假 (personal leave), 你可以说, "I'm asking for a three-day paid/unpaid personal leave for my wife's labor." (因为我老婆要生了, 我想要请三天假.) 至于这个假是扣不扣钱? (paid/unpaid) 就看公司的政策而定了.

7. I just heard that seven people are going be laid off nextmonth.我刚听到公司下个月要裁七位员工.

　　最近失业率不断上升, 我也就顺便来谈谈裁员的话题. 公司要裁员的讲法有许多种, 其中最常见的不外是 layoff 这个字 (如果分开来写: lay off 是动词, 但合起来写 layoff 则是名词) . 例如, "Cisco issues a profit warning, plans layoffs." (思科发布盈余警讯, 计划裁员.) 当然还可以用比较口语的讲法说, cut jobs 或是 slash jobs, 例如上一句我们也可以说, "Cisco plans to cut/slash jobs." (思科计划裁员.) 据路边马路消息说, 由于layoff 最近在英语中的出现频率排名大幅成长, layoff 这个字将会被收录在最新的英文常用 3000 字汇当中. ^__^

　　要是真的不幸在美国被裁员了怎么办? 先记住两句话再说, 第一句是, "Whose decision was this?" (这是谁的决定.) 俗语说冤有头债有主, 先问清楚了是谁动你的, 将来要把汽车轮胎放气才知道要放哪一台. 另一句话就是, "I am between jobs." 这句话在找新工作时很好用. 人家问你现在在作什么, 你不要呆呆地说, "I just got laid off." 多难听啊! 你应该说, "I am between jobs." 我正好在两个工作间的空档. 听起来比较委婉 这可是之前刚被裁了员的好友 Joseph教我的, 他就因为很会讲这句 "I am between jobs." 目前已经在德州休士顿找到新工作了.

8. He suggested we should go to eat after my graveyard shift.他建议说我们可以在我的大夜班之后一起去吃东西.

　　轮班这个字在英文里叫 shift, 例如三班制就叫 three shifts. 例如, "We have to work in three shifts to keep the company running." (我们必须轮三班制来保持工厂的运转.) 我想大家都知道三班制就是日夜, 小夜班和大夜班. 在英文里日班就是 day shift 或是 regular shift, 小夜班是 night shift. 那大夜班呢? 有一个很有趣的讲法, 叫 graveyard shift. 所以如果你要说明自己上的是大夜班, 就可以这样说, "I work on the graveyard shift."

　　至于为什么叫 graveyard shift 呢? 其中有一个广为流传的故事是这么说的, 在十九世纪时, 人们有时候会不小心把还活着的人当成死人埋掉. 为了避免这种悲剧发生, 所以他们在每个棺材里都装上电铃, 以便让这些意外醒来的‘尸体’能够按铃求救. 也因此必须另外安排一位仁兄晚上时在墓地 (graveyard) 里巡查, 以便有人按铃时能即时通知家属. 所以大夜班后来就以此得名, 成为了 graveyard shift. 至于你相不相信这种传说呢? 就看你自己了!

9. I am only a regular 9-to-5er.我只是一个平凡的朝九晚五上班族.

　　我相信中文的‘朝九晚五’这个字应该就是从英文 9-to-5 这个字直接翻过来的吧? 由于上班族的工作时间多半都是很固定从早上九点到晚上五点, 所以才有 9-to-5 这个用法, 指的就是很一般上下班的工作. 记得有一次跟一个在社会上己经工作多年又回来念研究所的老美聊到他回学校念书的动机, 他就告诉我, "I don't want to work 9 to 5 for the rest of my life." (我不想一辈子都作朝九晚五的工作.) 另外像这种上班族也可以自称是一个 9-to-5er, 也就是指作这种朝九晚五工作的上班族. 但是像小笨霖我呢? 我就该自称是 10-to-3er 了. (我当然没那么认真凌晨三点回家, 而是下午三点就回家睡午觉了!)

10. I refuse to work overtime during the weekend.我拒绝在周末时加班.

　　英文里加班叫 work overtime. 例如别人喊你今晚出去吃饭, 你说, "Sorry, I have to work overtime." 就是告诉他, 很抱歉, 我今晚要加班. 不过有趣的是, 除了‘加班’可以叫 overtime, 加班费也可以叫 overtime. 例如你可以大声地告诉老板, "You have to pay me overtime!" (你必须要付我加班费.) 不过现在时机歹歹, 我看还是小声讲就好了.

　　除了这个 pay overtime 之外, 老美也常用到另外两个字, 一个叫 double time, 另一个叫 time and one-half. Double time 指的是双倍的工资, 而time and one-half 或是 time and a half 则是指一倍半的工资. 例如老板叫你作一些额外的工作, 你可以说, "If you pay me double time, I'll do it." (如果你付我双倍的工资, 我就去做.) 再造一句, "I like to work on holidays because I am on time and a half." (我喜欢在假日时工作, 因为这时的工资算一倍半.)

1. ABC corporation. May I help you?ABC 公司, 我能帮你什么吗?

　　这句话算是制式的讲法. 一般接起电话的人通常会先报公司的名字 "ABC corporation", 然后再说, "May I help you?" 或是如果要更客气一点的话则可以说 "How can I help you?" (我该怎么帮你?), 因为这样的问法表示我‘该’怎么帮你, 而非我‘需不需要’帮你? 但基本上 "May I help you?" 跟 "How canI help you?" 都很常见就是了.

　　不过如果是机器接的电话, 则听到的多半是这样, "Thanks for calling ABC corporation, if you know your party's last name or extention, press 1. If you want to recieve information or publication, press 2. If you want to talk to the operator, press pound sign or remain on the line."(感谢你打电话到 ABC 来, 如果你知道你要找的人的姓或是分机号码, 请按 1, 如果是想要本公司的简介或出版品, 请按 2, 如果是要找总机, 请按 #, 或是请别挂断.

2. And you are?你是？

　　如果人家打电话来是要找你的上司, "May I talk to your manager?" (我能不能跟你们经理讲话?) 这时你总不能糊里糊涂地就把电话拿给经理说, 说不定人家是打电话来跟你经理勒索一百万的呢! 所以通常我们一定要先确定打电话来的是谁. 最客气的问法是, "Whom I am speaking with?" 或是 "Whom am I talking to?" (我正在跟谁讲话呢?) 但是人家一听是像我这种小毛头打电话找他们经理, 他们就会用比较口语的说法, "And you are?" (你是?) 如果人家这样问我, 我就可以答, "This is Benlin."

　　像是 "And you are?" 这么口语的英文书上大概学不到, 但这却是老美天天在用的句子, 只怕你学了之后还不敢用. 其实真的不用怕. 越简单的句子老美越听得懂. 而且事实上 "And you are?" 这句话还有许多适用的场合, 例如在公司的接待处 (reception). 来访的客人如果说, "I'm looking for Mr. Wolf." (我要找伍夫先生) 接待小姐就可以反问他, "And you are?" (你是?) 所以像这种简单又好用的句子大家一定要记起来喔!

3. I'll put her on the phone. Just a second.我会请她听电话, 请等一下.

　　Put someone on the phone 这个片语就是说请某人听电话. 例如你打电话找你女朋友, 结果女朋友的同事接了电话, 就开始跟你东扯西扯, 问你们昨天是不是吵架了啊? 什么时候要结婚啦, 这时如果你实在不想跟她讲了, 就可以说, "Could you please just put her on the phone?" (你能不能请她来听电话啊?) 反过来如果今天是你接到了电话, 结果要找的是别人, 你就可以说, "Ok. I'll put her on the phone. Just a second." (好, 我会请她听电话, 请稍等一下.)

　　上面讲的 put someone on the phone, 指的多半是只有一只电话时,但如果像公司里有许多分机, 则用‘转接’ transfer 或是 redirect. 会比较恰当. 例如同样的情况你可以说, "I'm transferring your call." 或是 "I'm redirecting your call." (我帮你转接到分机给她.) 如果是接线生转接的话, 他们有时就只简单地说, "One moment, please." 或是, "OK. I'll put you through."

4. Would you mind holding for one minute?你介不介意稍微等一分钟啊？

　　在美国如果有机会打电话给客户服务 (Customer Service)部门, 如果没意外的话都会听到以下的电话录音, "All of our representitives are currently busy serving their customers. Your call will be answered in approximate 5 minutes" (我们所有的客服人员都在忙着服务他们的顾客, 请等五分钟后, 就会有人接听你的电话), 然后十分钟过去了, "Please continue to hold, your call is very important to us." (请继续等候, 你的来电对我们非常重要). 所以大家要知道, 老美基本上对这种无止境的等待是深恶痛绝的. 所以要记得, 如果人家打电话来, 千万不要因为听不懂就说, "Hold on", 然后就跑去求救兵, 这对打电话来的人是十分不礼貌的.

　　如果万不得已一定要请他稍候, 我们要客气一点地说, "Would you mind holding for one minute?" 所以记得要给对方一个明确的时间, 例如 one second 或是 five minites 不要让对方无止境地等下去. 但是如果一分钟到了你还没忙完, 则最好再说一次, "Sorry, I am still on the phone. Could you hold for another minute?" (对不起, 我还在讲电话, 能不能再请你稍候一分钟.)

5. He's out for lunch. Would you like to try again an hour later?他出去吃午餐了, 你要不要一小时后再打来？

　　受到中文的影响, 许多人要讲某人‘出去’吃午餐了常会说成, "He went out for lunch." 其实这个 went 是多余的, 通常老美只讲 be out for something 就行了. 如果要再简化一点, 单说, "He is on lunch." 或是 "He is on (lunch) break." (他正在休息时间.) 这样子也可以.

　　如果别人要找的人不在, 通常我们有二种选择, 第一种是请别人晚点再打来, 除了像例句用 try again/ call again 之外, 我们也可以用 call back/try back 这样的讲法. 例如你可以建议别人, "Why don't you call back in 30minutes?" (你何不 30 分钟后再打来呢?) 第二种选择就是请对方留言, 客气一点的讲法是, "May I take your message?" 或是 "Would you like to leave a message?" (你想留言吗?)

6. She is not here but you can call her machine.她不在这里, 但是你可以打她的电话答录机.

　　老美管电话答录机叫 answering machine 或是也有少数人叫 answermachine. 但是在一般的对话中常常简称 machine. 例如 "You can call her machine." 就是说, 你可以打她的电话答录机留言. 或是你打电话给某人, 但你想他很可能不在, 这时你就可以说, "I'm expecting a machine." (我想会是电话答录机接的电话.) 如果是 "I want to check on my machine." 则是说我要检查电话答录机里的留言.

　　记得喔! 通常人家讲 someone's machine 时百分之九十九都是指电话答录机而言, 你可别傻傻地问人, "Answering machine?" 像六人行 (Friends) 里有一集 Chandler 说, "I got her machine." 结果 Joey 还呆呆地问他, "Her answering machine?" Chandler 就讽刺 Joey 的无知说, "No. interestingly enough, her leaf blower (machine) picked up the phone." (很有趣喔, 不是电话答录机喔! 而是她的吹落叶机接的电话.) 注: 美国的落叶都不是用扫的, 而是用吹的, 很神奇吧? 而 leaf blower 就是那种背在身上拿来吹落叶的机器啦!

7. I'm interested in your CRM software. Can you give me an quote?我对你们的客户关系管理软体有兴趣, 能跟我报个价吗？

　　之前讲的都是别人打电话进来要怎么回答, 现在要讲的是如果你打电话给别的公司要怎么讲. 通常你会打电话给别的公司不外乎以下几种状况: 询价, 下订单, 追踪订单, 应征工作, 推销产品等等. 首先谈到询价. 如果只是要请对方大略地估个价钱, 你可以说, "Can you give me a quote?" 或 "Can you give mean estimate?" 但是提醒大家, 这个 quote 发 /kwot/ 的音, 记得要特别强调那个 /wo/ 的音, 不然老美会以为你在说 coat /kot/ 或是 court /kort/ 这个字. 这种情况就发生在我身上不只一次, 有一次拿车去修车厂估价, 我跟技工说, "Canyou give me a quote?" 他却回答我, "You need a coat?" 扯了半天他才搞懂, 后来我才知道原来自己 quote 的音发错了. 所以最好的办法就是用 estimate, 这个字是绝对不会发错的.

　　另外, estimate 和 quote 也可以指‘报价单’而言, 例如你可以要求别人, "Can you send me a sample with an estimate ASAP?" (能不能请你尽快送一份样品和报价单给我?)

8. I'd like to place an order for a DL-1100 color printer.我想要下一份 DL-1100 彩色印表机的订单.

　　以前每次为了买东西而打电话给人家, 我都直接说, "I want to buythis, I want to buy that." 当然啦! 要买东西的人最大, 不管你说什么别人都一定会想办法把东西卖给你的. 只是你如果直接说 buy 听来比较像是日常生活在说的对话. 如果像是公司要采购商品时, 最好正式一点用 order, 或是更完整一些说place an order for, 例如 "I want to order a color printer." 或是, "I want to place an order for a color printer." 都是不错的用法.

9. I'm calling to check my order status.我打电话来查看我订单的状况.

　　以前我因为不知道 check order status 这个用法, 常拉拉杂杂讲了一堆才能表达我的意思. 例如我可能会说, "I ordered something yesterday. Can you check if you've shipped it or not." 这句话听起来是不是蛮笨的? 后来我暗中观察, 同样的情况原来老美居然都简简单单地说 "I want to check my order status." 或是 "I want to track my order status." 就能完整地表达这句话的意思, 真是太神奇了.

　　这让我想到有一次在机场也是, 我想问柜台小姐我的朋友倒底坐哪一班飞机, 那班飞机有没有慢分, 他大概几点会到, 当我好不容易讲完这么长一串时, 柜台小姐居然只回了我一句, "You wanna check passenger status?" 差点没昏到, 原来我只要用 check passenger status 就行了喔?

10. I was referred to you by Mr. Gordon.我是 Gordon 先生介绍我来的.

　　打电话到别人公司如果是有求于人的话,例如要去应征啦或是推销东西啦, 最好能先攀点关系啦! 例如最常用的招数, 我是某某人介绍来的, 就是 "I was referred to you by someone." (注意, 介绍在这里用 refer 而不是用 introduce.) 还有呢? 如果你今天拿到了该公司的折价卷, 则最好也是开宗明义地说, "Igot your number from a coupon, which says your product is 50% off today." (我是根据你们折价卷上的号码打过来的, 它上面写着今天产品五折优待.) 这样子让他想赖都赖不掉. 总之呢? 先表明自已是怎么搭上这条线的, 这样子别人才不会有突兀的感觉啦。